TOEFL Writing Sample of e-Book:
Our TOEFL iBT Writing Course e-book contains four parts. Samples of parts 1 and 2 of the e-book are below.
TOEFL Writing Sample of e-Book: PART 1
The TOEFL iBT
Grammar Course covers the following topics:
Unit Topic
1 Negative Adverbs and Inversion
2 Adjective Order
3 Relative Pronouns
4 Past Perfect
5 Prepositions
6 Gerunds and Infinitives
7 Modal Verbs
8 Adjective Usage with "So" and "Such"
9 Phrasal Verbs - Part 1
10 The Definite Article
11 Expressing Agreement and Disagreement
12 Comparatives and Superlatives
13 Had Better/Would Rather
14 The Third Conditional
15 Phrasal Verbs - Part 2
TOEFL Writing Sample of e-Book - Chapter 1:
Here is chapter 1 of part 1 of our TOEFL iBT Writing Course e-Book:
Negative Adverbial Clauses
When a sentence begins with a negative
adverb, the auxiliary verb is inverted. In other words, the auxiliary verb is
placed in front of the grammatical subject of the sentence, instead of being in
its usual position, which is next to the main verb. Therefore, an inverted
sentence follows this pattern:
Negative adverb + auxiliary verb
+ grammatical subject + main verb
Look at this example from the reading comprehension passage and notice how it
follows the pattern given above:
Not only do sports exist as a source of
entertainment for the American public, but also as a lucrative business
enterprise for those who provide financial backing.
Not only (negative adverb) + do (auxiliary
verb) + sports ( grammatical subject) + exist (main verb)
If this sentence were not inverted, it would look like this:
Sports exist not only as a source of
entertainment for the American public, but also as a lucrative business
enterprise for those who provide financial backing.
Notice that the word "do" is added when the
sentence is inverted.
Here are some negative adverbs that are commonly encountered on the TOEFL
examination:
never never before
not only when
only once seldom
rarely hardly ever
These negative adverbs can be placed into five categories:
TYPE 1:
If the original sentence contains an auxiliary verb, such as "would," "had," or
"did" the auxiliary verb is inverted.
Example:
Original sentence: I had seen her only once
before then.
Inverted sentence: Only once before then
had I seen her.
TYPE 2:
If the original sentence does not contain an auxiliary verb, the verb "do" is
used in the inverted sentence.
Example:
Original sentences: Sarah not only failed
the driving test, she also had an accident.
Inverted sentence: Not only did Sarah fail
the driving test, she also had an accident.
TYPE 3:
If the original sentence is in the negative (i.e., if it contains the words
"not" or "never"), the negative word is placed at the beginning of the inverted
sentence.
Examples:
Original sentence: Mary didn't tell a
single person her secret.
Inverted sentence: Not a single person did
Mary tell her secret.
Original sentence: I have never experienced
anything like that before.
Inverted sentence: Never before have I
experienced anything like that.
TYPE 4:
If the original sentence contains the word "when," the inverted sentence begins
"Only when." You may also need to add "do" to the second part of the inverted
sentence.
Example:
Original sentence: John remembered his
co-worker's name when they had finished their conversation.
Inverted sentence: Only when they had
finished their conversation did John remember his co-worker's name.
TYPE 5:
If the original sentence contains an adverb of frequency such as "often" or "not
often," the inverted sentence can begin with "Seldom," "Rarely," or "Hardly
ever."
Example:
Original sentence: Mark doesn't go on
vacation often.
Inverted sentence: Rarely does Mark go on
vacation.
Exercise:
Write a new sentence as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence
provided, using the negative adverbial phrases indicated below. It may be
helpful to identify the type of sentence by looking at the examples above.
1) Bread would not be available at the
grocery store until
noon.
Not until . . .
2) Frank realized he had forgotten to
fill up his truck when it ran out of gas.
Only when . . .
3) I have never changed a flat tire
in my life.
Never before . . .
4) I realized who he was when he
took off his sunglasses.
Only when . . .
5) I have never seen such an
exciting football game in my life.
Never . . .
. . .
TOEFL Writing Sample of e-Book: PART 2
Questions 1-100 are a review of grammar and
vocabulary from the TOEFL iBT Word Power Vocabulary Course and the TOEFL iBT
Grammar exercises.
1) - John is so shy.
- I know. Very rarely __________ to me.
a. he speaks c. he is speaking
b. does he speak d. he does speak
2) - Did you go to the mall today?
- Yes, I bought one of those __________ books.
a. good $5 paperback c. paperback good $5
b. $5 good paperback d. good paperback $5
3) - Mary's business is really a success.
- Yes, it's grown __________ leaps and bounds.
a. under c. in
b. through d. by
4) - Where are the compact disks?
- In the cabinet __________ we keep the CD player.
a. that c. which
b. where d. in that
5) - Do you see Rachel much these days?
- No. __________ her only once since last summer.
a. I have seen c. Did I see
b. Have I seen d. I see
. . .
This is only a small TOEFL Writing sample e-book. The actual PDF e-book
contains 4 parts and is 92 pages long.
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